Genetic alterations of CDX1, CYLD and CDKN2B genes in CRC

Abstract

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent type of cancer in the world. In this explanation, genetic variation is associated in all cancers, particularly CRC, and modifications of numerous genes, such as CDX1, CYLD, and CDKN2B, are linked to tumorigenesis in CRC. As a result, this research was conducted in order to determine changes in the expression of these genes.

Materials and Methods: Specimens of CRC from 72 individuals with confirmation of pathology report, were provided and bought from the Biobanks. Real-time PCR was used to examine the expression of CDX1, CYLD, and CDKN2B genes in tumoral and non-tumoral tissues. These genes' histological associations with grading and staging for upregulation and downregulation were examined.

Result: The expression of CYLD (P = 0.01) and CDKN2B (P = 0.02) were upregulated significantly, but the CDX1 (P = 0.03) gene expression was decreased. Correspondingly, there was no significant association between CDX1 downregulation and CDKN2B upregulation with grade, stage, lymph‐node metastasis (P= 0.02) and distant metastasis. Moreover, the CYLD expression was also significantly associated with high grade (P = 0.03), high stage (P = 0.03), lymph‐node metastasis (P= 0.05) and distant metastasis (P= 0.05).

Conclusion: The upregulation of CYLD and CDKN2B genes and downregulation of CDX1 gene in tumoral tissues were impressive. Conclusively, the alteration of these genes expression can be considered as a colorectal cancer biomarker.